xunit api testing

As in other posts, the aim of this article is to go through the steps with detailed explanations. It just has an out of the box Web API project I called Test.API. If your system is a mobile app using this API, the E2E tests are the tests of the features accessible from the app's UI. Ok, so testing a public health check API is pretty simple - what about a secured API endpoint, where you first need to get a token and then you need to present the token during subsequent API calls? Written by the original inventor of NUnit v2, xUnit.net is the latest technology for unit testing C#, F#, VB.NET and other.NET languages. Fortunately, you can use this script to accomplish the task in a Windows cmd prompt: The above script runs from the root of my GitHub repository, so if you clone or download the repo and run it (on Windows) it should work. This is to establish a pattern of tests that describe the code, and as the application grows in complexity, we'll be sure new changes won't break prior functionality. [Fact] – attribute states that the method should be executed by the test runner 2. xUnit.net is a free, open source, community-focused unit testing tool for the.NET Framework. In this demonstration, we will write the Unit Test Cases for CRUD (CREATE, READ, UPDATE and DELETE) operations. Most of their tests show as run, but this one never does. You have to make sure not only that your changes work as intended, but also that the untouched code continues to do its expected job. Git and Github: A Love Story or Something Like That. Testing ensures that your application is doing what it's meant to do. The Moq framework provides an easy mechanism to mock the dependencies which makes it easier to test classes having constructor injection. Conveniently for us, there is a xUnit testing project template out-of-the-box when using visual studio 2019, so we are going to make use of that. Some of those attributes, we are going to use are: 1. In order to run your integration tests, you will need to add a test project to your solution. If you are unfamiliar with test concepts and/or xUnit, check the Unit testing C# in .NET Core using dotnet test and xUnit. Handle the “happy path” scenario — how does the service return a successful response from the API? The OpenWeatherService will be the trickier class to test because it creates an HttpClient object to make calls to a third-party API. When running the tests, the access token needs to be requested, and used to access the APIs. If you found this helpful, consider helping others find it by retweeting it using the tweet below, along with your own comment. This article will lay out a relatively simple way to do this in a configurable manner using xUnit. I'll paste the entire class directly below, then explain each part: HttpClient uses an object internally called HttpMessageHandler to make the actual HTTP request. Send inputs to system 5. Here are the methods: Note that the [Fact] annotation allows a test explorer to find and run any test methods. .NET Core is now the default standard for any web application development in the .NET world. Verify side effects One very simple example looks something like: We're trying to test "editing", but we're doing it through the commands actually used by the application. I also authored the original docs on writing integration tests in ASP.NET Core using TestHost and related types. Unit tests do not detect issues in the interaction between components—that is the purpose of integration testing. In order to make the method more versatile, we'll give it two arguments: StringContent content will be the simulated response from the API and HttpStatusCode statusCode will be HTTP response code, e.g. It might be running locally, or it could be in a local container or Kubernetes cluster with its own IP address or local domain. For this stage of the project, we will add some tests for two of the classes that we’ve built so far: the OpenWeatherService and the WeatherForecastController. xUnit is the name of a collection of testing frameworks that became very popular among software developers. I’ve read lots of opinions on software testing from engineers much more experienced than me — from strictly adhering to test-driven development to strategies that might be more pragmatic. It follows more community focus to being expand. Having a solutionmakes it easier to manage both the class library and the unit test project.Inside the solution directory, create a PrimeService directory. Since in each test, we’ll need to create a OpenWeatherService, we'll generate IOptions and IHttpClientFactory objects using the fixtures created above, then create an OpenWeatherService named sut for "system under test". In this blog post, I will be covering integration testing of ASP.Net Core Web API application. By now, our application is a minimally functional web API that organizes and returns weather data from a location. Comparing xUnit.net to other frameworks. However, sometimes it's worthwhile to be able to test actual, live API endpoints. Lines 6-12 creates a repository and a person with no email address. $ git clone -b 2_adding-async --single-branch git@github.com:jsheridanwells/WeatherWalkingSkeleton.git, $ dotnet user-secrets set "OpenWeather:ApiKey" "" --project ./Api/WeatherWalkingSkeleton.csproj, $ dotnet new xunit -o Tests -n WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests, $ dotnet sln WeatherWalkingSkeleton.sln add ./Tests/WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests.csproj, $ dotnet add Tests/WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests.csproj reference Api/WeatherWalkingSkeleton.csproj, $ mkdir ./Tests/Controllers_Tests ./Tests/Services_Tests, $ touch ./Tests/{/Controllers_Tests/WeatherForecastController_Tests.cs,/Services_Tests/OpenWeatherService_Tests.cs}, namespace WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests.Infrastructure, $ dotnet add Tests/WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests.csproj package Moq. So, it is similar to the [Fact] attribute, be… Thus, your test might have these properties and set them accordingly: You can configure your default (dev local, perhaps) URLs as constants in another file so you're able to run the tests without having to set the environment variables every time. If your application supports health checks, which I recommend, your first test can simply target the health check endpoint. This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project.In this demonstration, we will write the Unit Test Cases for CRUD(CREATE, READ, UPDATE and DELETE) operations.We will write at least 3 different Unit Test Cases for … By convention your test projects should reside in a subfolder, test, of the root folder. I modified it slightly and added tests to it and you can find my code for testing live API endpoints using xUnit here. First use ASP.NET Core API template to build an application. Unit testing involves testing a part of an application in isolation from its infrastructure and dependencies. I'm a big fan of unit tests and integration tests and have written about them frequently. We expect it to return a list of WeatherForecast objects. This article shows how an ASP.NET Core API could be tested using system tests implemented using XUnit. In order to run your integration tests, you will need to add a test project to your solution. NUnit and mstest are common testing tools for. Unit testing ASP.Net Core Web API using XUnit for testing framework and Moq for mocking objects. The API is protected using JWT Bearer token authorization, and the API uses a secure token server to validate the API requests. Before we do anything else, we need to make sure that we reference any projects that we are testing in our xUnit project. Open a shell window. If you are unfamiliar with test concepts and/or xUnit, check the Unit testing C# in .NET Core using dotnet test and xUnit. In this post I will focus on unit testing business logic for ASP.Net Core Web API application. The test is straight forward. There are three different test frameworks for Unit Testing supported by ASP.NET Core: MSTest, xUnit, and NUnit; that allow us to test our code in a consistent way. Verify direct outputs 6. Step-5: Build and execute the test project Step-6: There are 2 ways of running Unit test: 1)Through Test Explorer in Visual Studio: Click on Test tab → Select Windows tab → Click on Test Explorer. xUnit is an open-source unit testing tool for the.Net Framework and offers.NET Core support. We used this to evaluate successful responses from our service, then to evaluate the same responses in the controller that consumes the service. These posts proved especially helpful in figuring out how to use HttpClient in tests. var handler = new Mock(); var client = new HttpClient(handler.Object); private static StringContent BuildOkResponse(), private static StringContent BuildUnauthorizedResponse(), private static StringContent BuildNotFoundResponse(), private static StringContent BuildInternalErrorResponse(), $ touch ./Tests/Services_Tests/OpenWeatherService_Tests.cs, namespace WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Services. This will be a static class, and so far all we need it to do is to return an Options object with one of the OpenWeatherMap configuration objects as its value: Not much happening here, but we’ve got a passable object to build a test OpenWeatherService. I recently received a tweet from an xUnit.net user wondering why their theory tests using DateTime.Nowdon't run in Visual Studio. If you’re just here for a walkthrough of testing with xUnit, then you can: … and in another terminal, make a request to make sure a result comes out: If you get what looks like an array of weather forecasts, then you are good to go. the XUnit is an open souce test framework and main focus of this framework are extensibility and flexibility. In the test class, we inject the factory into the constructor. If you are using Visual Studio, there is a built-in test explorer that will provide a UI for running and debugging tests. The code to do so might look like this: We might be targeting an API that could be running in any number of locations. On the last line, the Assert class from xUnit is used to test that the method is returning the type of object that we expect: The second test is set up exactly the same way, but in this test we’re seeing if we find the same Date and Temp values that we loaded OpenWeatherResponses.BuildOkResponse() with earlier: Now run the tests in the IDE test explorer, or in the command line terminal ($ dotnet test) to make sure they pass. When you add a new xUnit test project, you should get a simple test class (UnitTest1) with an empty test method (Test1). Here are some of the reasons why you would need to use xUnit over other Unit testing frameworks. NUnit and mstest are common testing tools for. The strategy I’ve decided on is to test how the OpenWeatherService responds to different possible responses from the third-party API. xUnit is the name of a collection of testing frameworks that became very popular among software developers. It is a repetitive task, and w… xUnit is a free, open source Unit testing framework for .Net developed by Brad Wilson and Jim Newkirk, inventor of NUnit. We can also predict a few other scenarios: Add a file to the ./Tests/Infrastructure directory called OpenWeatherResponses.cs. It will take on a similar structure to the API project so that it will be easier to compare a class to its tests. Line 14 calls the Add method in our repository passing in the person. But if I want to run the script from the root of my GitHub repository, or from my test project folder, that's obviously a problem. If the resource is called without a valid city name, we get a 404 status with “city not found”. We want to test how it handles different kinds of responses from the API, but we don't want to actually make those requests. Use ASP.NET Core's TestServer in xUnit to Test Web API Endpoints: TestServer - Part 1 20th November 2020 Using ASP.NET Core's TestServer allows us to create an in-memory web server. We also created some initial infrastructure to control the dependencies that we are not testing as well as create a mock version of a third-party API so that we can control the different responses it might give. However, that's not how xUnit works. 5 thoughts on “ Unit Testing in ASP .NET Core 3.1 ” Pingback: Dew Drop – May 26, 2020 (#3204) | Morning Dew Pingback: The Morning Brew - Chris Alcock » The Morning Brew #3001 Jim Cooper May 27, 2020 at 4:56 am. 200, 400, 401. Fortunately, .NET core has excellent support for MS Test. Here's some sample code to get an auth token from an STS given a known username/password (note this is using the IdentityBaseUrl configured above): You can build this into its own test to verify it works. To start with the external testing of all of the APIs in our solution, I am going to create a new folder called API to contain our tests. Then, paste the following code which will create the canned responses for our mock HTTP factory to return: Now that we can control the response we get when pretending to call the OpenWeatherMap API, we’ll set up some tests to describe the OpenWeatherService. it may be popular according to a very small survey, but it is … Create an xUnit project in Visual Studio 2019. xUnit is a free, open-source, testing tool for .NET which developers use to write tests for their applications. So far, the class contains one method: GetFiveDayForecastAsync. And add the API key to the secrets store for this project: Test that the web API is working properly up to now: Write tests to describe the classes’ current functionality. From testing the API in Postman, we can see that a successful response returns an array of objects that resemble the project’s WeatherForecast class with an HTTP status of 200. However, xUnit earns points over other frameworks as it has addressed some shortcomings and mistakes of its predecessors. Compared to other unit testing frameworks, it stands out with its ease of development and its approach to behaviors like SetUp, TearDown, OneTimeSetup. Let’s start by creating a new xUnit Test Project and naming it EmployeesApp.Tests: A new project will prepare a single test class for use, named UnitTest1.cs and will have installed xUnit library and xUnit runner as well: Here are a couple of responses that we can expect from GetFiveDayForecastAsync: Add a test file in the .Tests/Services_Tests directory: The class, with all of the using statements should start like this: Inside the service, let’s add two methods for each of the descriptions we want to provide. In this demonstration, we will not implement CRUD operation in Asp.Net Core Web API … Using this as sample code: This is what the test discovery looks like inside Visual Studio: When you click "Run All", this is what Visual Studio shows: If you look at the Output window, you'll see a … Testing Secure Live API Endpoints with xUnit and IdentityServer Ok, so testing a public health check API is pretty simple - what about a secured API endpoint, where you first need to get a token and then you need to present the token during subsequent API calls? We will write at least 3 different Unit Test Cases for 3 different scenarios. Create the Test project. This strategy is a workaround because we cannot mock an HttpClient directly. It could be deployed in Azure or AWS or anywhere else for that matter. I am used to using xUnit as testing tool, so this article uses xUnit. However, with every application development, it is important to unit test your code. In the next tutorial, we’ll start a TDD process for adding exception handling functionality to the controller and service methods. This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project. Our WeatherForecastController requires an ILogger in the constructor. It will have a static method called OpenWeatherClientFactory. I'm new to unit testing, so my problem is probably with my code and not the Moq framework, but here goes. This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project. In a r… This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project. xUnit is a unit testing framework which supports .NET Core . Let’s create that project: Next, we add the test project to the WeatherWalkingSkeleton solution: Then, to see that the tests are discoverable, run: If everything is working alright, you’ll see the results of one passing fake test. First use ASP.NET Core API template to build an application. The last piece of infrastructure we’ll need is a static class that can return some canned responses that sort of look like the responses that would come back from the OpenWeatherMap API. The dotnet CLI contains a template for adding a xUnit test project, as well as templates for the nUnit and MSTest libraries. type xunit in the search field on the top right of the window, the results should be filtered and you should see ‘xUnit Test Project(.Net Core)’ select it and name the project ‘IntegrationTests’ Override done to close the stream (if it's a file). Kotlin killer features for programmers and software engineers (part 2), Building a realtime multiplayer browser game in less than a day — Part 2/4, Opinionated programming language choice (only 3 languages, not 10, not 20) in 2020, Begin by cloning the project up to this point and. xUnit is an important framework for testing ASP.NET Core applications - for testing Action methods, MVC controllers and API Controllers. In this article, I will explain about the xUnit framework. In next post I will be covering integration testing of the ASP.Ner Core Web API Controllers using XUnit. In addition to the API base URL, once you add auth into the mix you're likely to also need to pass in the base URL for your identity server or STS instance. Right click the solution and select Add then New project. Since these are "real" tests, they also need to be able to deal with real authorization. In this video, I will be doing integration testing for the ASP.Net Core Web API application. So here’s a strategy for describing and testing the OpenWeatherService: In the Infrastructure directory, add a class called OptionsBuilder.cs. Integration Testing ASP.Net Core Web API - Using XUnit, TestServer and FluentAssertions. After this a new pane will open on the left side which will contain all the test cases found by the test … Let’s add directories for any controller and service classes: Then we’ll add the test classes. Lines 16-19 carry our checks. If we make a change to the OpenWeatherService that could break the WeatherForecastController, we wouldn't know it if we were mocking the service in these tests. It is essentially a testing framework which provides a set of attributes and methods we can use to write the test code for our applications. var opts = OptionsBuilder.OpenWeatherConfig(); var result = await sut.Get("Chicago") as OkObjectResult; Assert.IsType>(result.Value); namespace WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests.Controllers_Tests, https://localhost:5001/weatherforecast?location=detroit, How to mock HttpClient in your .NET / C# unit tests, Choosing the right diagrams to tell your story, Flutter: Internationalization & Switching Locales Manually, DeepLab Image Segmentation on Android with Tf Lite — part 2. We'll have to simulate the kinds of responses the API might return. Luckily, the Microsoft.Extensions.Logging library that it the interface comes from also has a class called NullLogger that lets us just pass in an empty logger since logging has nothing to do with the functionality that we're testing. It's important that the test be able to have the API's location passed into it. It configures a one-project API solution with IdentityServer for auth. These aren't always easy tasks in all environments, especially during automated builds, but unfortunately they're outside the scope of this article. When we scaffolded the xUnit test project, SpeedConverter.Tests, included for us is an example unit test testing class called UnitTest1.cs. If you run the tests, all should be good. xUnit.net works with ReSharper, CodeRush, TestDriven.NET and Xamarin. Now we’ll add a file for running some controller tests: Just like the service, so far our WeatherForecastController that consumes the OpenWeatherService just has one method called Get for returning the result of the service. That’s far enough for now. The directory and file structure thus far should be as follows:Make PrimeService the current directory and run dotnet new classlib to create the source project. Testing is the most important process for any software application. Also, our service class uses an IOptions object in order to extract a secret API key to use. You may also need to update your global.jsonto account for this: There are multiple ways to create a new project but all that is required is a project.json in your project folder, which you can create using dotnet new. Net core. Finally, we come to the point when we need to create a new project where our tests are going to be. In the future, we'll need to update this method to handle any errors that get returned from the API, but for now the test will just describe what the method is supposed to do. And, I can’t be sure from testing what an error from the third-party server looks like, based on convention we’ll guess that it’s a 500 HTTP status with “Internal Error.” as the message. A controller unit test avoids things like filters, routing, or mo… Even stranger, if they run the test individually, it runs fine; it's only when they use "Run All" that the test does not appear to run. You can get a similar set of functionality with VS Code using the .NET Core Test Explorer plugin. xUnit is an open-source unit testing tool for the .Net Framework and offers .NET Core support. Now we’ll add code to the first method. It seems a trivial statement, but sometimes this statement is underrated, especially when you change your existing codebase. Set up data through the back door 2. So, if you want to make a flexible, environment-specific test that you can run locally and then your CI server can run within its environment and your deployment can run a post-deployment check to ensure everything works in production, you need to find a different way. var result = await sut.GetFiveDayForecastAsync("Chicago"); Assert.IsType>(result); Assert.Equal(new DateTime(1594155600), result[0].Date); $ touch ./Tests/Services_Tests/WeatherForecastController_Tests.cs. This is a nice xUnit feature and one that makes it much nicer to work with async code like. Parameters: Name Type Description; failures: fn: function Otherwise, running $ dotnet test from the command line will suffice for this tutorial. Now, let’s add a couple more tests to test adding a person with single and multiple email addresses: Build inputs 4. Create sample project. So in our tests, we'll build an OpenWeatherService with the API response that we expect, then build the controller with that. You can either add the files via command line or scaffold a class with the IDE you’re using: We’ll also create an Infrastructure directory for any fixtures or utilities needed to support the test classes: Lastly, the fake example test can be removed: The OpenWeatherService will be the trickier class to test because it creates an HttpClient object to make calls to a third-party API. It kindly already includes a test method, decorated with [Fact] , a method attribute that's part of the xUnit testing library. We will write at least 3 different Unit Test Cases for 3 different scenarios. In this post I will focus on unit testing business logic for ASP.Net Core Web API application. This article will teach you how to use xUnit to ASP.NET The core application does unit testing. Again, this requires the auth server endpoint to be running when you run the test: Now that you have the code to get a token using a known good user/password, building a real API endpoint test is pretty straightforward: You may want to be able to launch the web server and run the tests from a command prompt without having to do any manual work. I use it to unit test my Document Controller WPF application (.NET Framework 4.6.1) and in this project, the AutoMapper is heavily used to map domain models to view models.

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